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The crisis of everyday life in the novels A Rose of Flesh by Jan Wolkers and Seize the Day by Saul Bellow
Vítek, Lukáš ; Sedláčková, Lucie (advisor) ; Gielen, Albertus Josephus Dominicus (referee)
(English) The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyse how the phenomenon of a personal crisis is described in the novels A Rose of Flesh by Jan Wolkers and Seize the Day by Saul Bellow. To make it clearer that the crisis is an exceptional, painful but also potentially positive period of human life, the concept is contrasted with the notion/idea of "everyday life". Specifically, the author is comparing the impact of the states of anxiety that the protagonists of both novels experience in connection with their daily rituals and habits. Theoretically, the thesis offers a systematic explanation of the causes, the symptoms and the effects of a personal crisis, including an explanation of the anxiety and guilt. This is followed by an interpretation of both novels with regard to the tension between the ordinary and the unordinary. This interpretation demonstrates that the exposure to suffering in the crisis does not have to be permanent and that it can lead to the discovery of new ways out. This fact is made evident without the exit of a dark tunnel being shown. Keywords: psychological crisis, everyday life, existential problems, suffering, guilt, anxiety, panic disorder, the past, midlife crisis
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The model psychological crisis of a people with gained physical disability
ŠMOLÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
This thesis explores the model of psychological crisis of people with post natal physical disabilities. A post natal disability, which is gained after birth, can be a result of a sudden and unexpected incident and the individual is often left with no choice but to deal with the newly acquired difficult situation. In most cases an identity crisis sets in short after the accident during which most of personal, social and family relations are greatly redefined. The theoretical part has altogether four chapters. First chapter defines terms and classifications of physical disabilities and distinguishes between acquired disabilities and congenital or hereditary disabilities. It focuses on the character of an individual with an acquired disability and his or her professional, personal and parental role. The second chapter is focused on the psychological crisis as a result of an acquired disability, its typology and internal mental processes related to it. The models used for this part of the thesis are the ones of Kübler-Ross, Vágner, Říčan and Caplan. Third chapter mentions the psychological immunity of an individual the various necessary coping mechanisms and strategies. The last fourth chapter is concerned with the psychological help which includes an informal support; self-help, mutual help and psychotherapy (esp. person-centered approach of Carl Rogers, supportive psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy). The content of theoretical part of this thesis was based on internet resource analysis. The goal of this study is to determine which coping mechanisms individuals use to deal with the difficult situation and what are the different stages of personal crisis. Another major objective of this thesis is to establish to what extent the individuals have sought professional psychological help. Data for this study were obtained through interviews with people who have a personal experience with acquired physical disabilities. The research part of this thesis includes the aim, the research question and the characteristics of the entire research set. It analyses the methodology used for this research, the approach used for collecting the data and the research itself and its results. Participant observation and narrative interview were the methods used for the purpose of qualitative research. The respondents were asked to participate through a written request for cooperation. The interviews were then being carried out from January 2014 to March 2015. The goals of this research were met through collecting the necessary data and analyzing the interviews. The results suggest that every person is an individual being and everyone copes with their disabilities in a unique way. Due to the variety of the research set it is not possible to summarize all results into one uniform conclusion. Simple observation of the data collected reveals that lengths of interviews and narrative manners of each respondent vary greatly. Each individual experienced the model of psychological crisis in their unique way all subjects experienced some level of anger and aggression. All subjects were also in unison about the fact that optimism and family support are crucial elements in successfully coping with an acquired disability. This study might serve as an informative source for students and people in assisting professional practice as well as for families of disabled individuals. Furthermore it might offer valuable suggestions for improving specific services, for instance in the fields of psychotherapy or assistance for people with acquired physical disabilities who are facing the challenge of coping with their difficult situation.
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